Description and Objectives
Based on the approach presented in the justification
of the project, the main objective of this paper is to set up the CLIL methodology during the Physical Education classes
with students of sixth grade of primary school. In order to achieve this goal, we will describe
the objectives that we expect to develop:
1. To ensure that students acquire the second language.
In the first place, an objective is to ensure that students acquire the second language thanks to the development of games in which they will use the L2 each time they will want to participate in the class. Doing this, they would try to put attention on the games’ explanations if they wanted to play.
2. To promote the motivation and participation of students.
Another objective is to promote the motivation and participation of students. In this case, we believe that if we carried out lessons where we used games based on the Total Physical Response, which is a technique used into the CLIL methodology, the students would be involved in the class. Moreover, if we got this, the students would not realise that they are learning English due to they focused their attention in play instead of learn.
3. To guarantee a good atmosphere in the classroom.
Furthermore, we would like to guarantee a good atmosphere in the classroom, where students could be able to feel relax and they could participate without feel fear to make any mistake. Here, the role of the teacher is very important because of he is the responsible of keep on with the motivation and the good atmosphere. In other words, that is what we call `The Affective Learning´, on which Jane Arnold claims: “It is important to communicate positive messages in the classroom to enhance students’ self- esteem since their beliefs about their abilities strongly influence in their performances (1999:11)”.
4. To achieve that students understand instructions made in the second language.
In this way, this objective we would like to get is to achieve that students understand instructions made in the second language.
5. To evaluate the success of the introduction of CLIL methodology in Physical Education lessons.
Finally, the last objective we would like to obtain is the success of the introduction of CLIL methodology in Physical Education lessons. The assessment of the project is paramount since we will analyse the results it has, the effects on students’ performances and its prospect implementation.
1. To ensure that students acquire the second language.
In the first place, an objective is to ensure that students acquire the second language thanks to the development of games in which they will use the L2 each time they will want to participate in the class. Doing this, they would try to put attention on the games’ explanations if they wanted to play.
2. To promote the motivation and participation of students.
Another objective is to promote the motivation and participation of students. In this case, we believe that if we carried out lessons where we used games based on the Total Physical Response, which is a technique used into the CLIL methodology, the students would be involved in the class. Moreover, if we got this, the students would not realise that they are learning English due to they focused their attention in play instead of learn.
3. To guarantee a good atmosphere in the classroom.
Furthermore, we would like to guarantee a good atmosphere in the classroom, where students could be able to feel relax and they could participate without feel fear to make any mistake. Here, the role of the teacher is very important because of he is the responsible of keep on with the motivation and the good atmosphere. In other words, that is what we call `The Affective Learning´, on which Jane Arnold claims: “It is important to communicate positive messages in the classroom to enhance students’ self- esteem since their beliefs about their abilities strongly influence in their performances (1999:11)”.
4. To achieve that students understand instructions made in the second language.
In this way, this objective we would like to get is to achieve that students understand instructions made in the second language.
5. To evaluate the success of the introduction of CLIL methodology in Physical Education lessons.
Finally, the last objective we would like to obtain is the success of the introduction of CLIL methodology in Physical Education lessons. The assessment of the project is paramount since we will analyse the results it has, the effects on students’ performances and its prospect implementation.
Methodology
In this section, we will discuss about the way we will
try to achieve the objectives which we have proposed beforewards in order to
develop the main objective of our project, which is to set up the CLIL
methodology in the subject of Physical Education.
Particular attention is paid to the time we will need to illustrate if our project of innovation could success. To our knowledge, we will develop the project during three years.
· First year: in this stage, the teacher training program will be carried out.
· Second year: then, we will develop the project.
· Third year: here, the project will be evaluated[u1] .
1. To ensure that students acquire the second language.
Seeing this, in order to obtain the first objective, which is to accomplish that the students acquire the second language, we will create lesson where the teacher only used the L2. For this reason, at the very first moment that the children arrive to the Physical Education class, the teacher should be able to speak to them in English to explain the games using the same language. Of course, the teacher has to keep in mind the importance of use simple sentences and structures because we want our students to understand everything and be sure about what they should do. In other words, the teacher should speak in English being conscious about him student’s level of English.
Moreover, the students have to participate using the L2 too, for this reason is very important that they have the easier structures in their mind and that they understand correctly the teacher’s instructions.
So as to make easier for the students, the teacher would present them a lot of flashcards and pictures in which appears the action that the students are supposed to do. For instance, if they played a game where everybody has to make a circle, the teacher would present them a picture showing a circle. Once the teacher is sure the students have understood this instruction, he needn’t to show it again.
Besides, it is very important the teacher’s gestures. That means that he would need to point out everything about he is talking. For example, is he wanted two students to help him to pick up any material, we would point out to the specific material and the students would be sure about what to do.
So, to summary this point, what the teacher need to do in order to achieve this objective is to create Physical Education’s bilingual units. Doing this, we will be sure that the students would acquire the second language as well as they work day by day.
Additionally, it is necessary that the teacher attends to training teaching courses due to he would need specifically formation if he wanted to how to performance a bilingual unit.
2. To promote the motivation and participation of students.
On the other hand, another objective that we want to achieve is to promote the motivation and participation of the students during the Physical Education lessons. To get this point, we will develop lessons in which the students can participate and play together. The game’s level should go together with the students’ age. Doing this, they will be motivated. In this way, it is important how the teacher arranges the class. That means that it is necessary to develop several games in which there are groups and another ones in which the students play together. But he has to keep in mind the importance of giving point to the student or the group who win the game. If the teacher does this, the students will enjoy playing and trying to be the best.
Furthermore, we will do several school trips with a view to motivate our students depending on the topic we work on.
Likewise, we believe that we could improve our students’ motivation if we renew the Physical Education materials. That means that if our students used more attractive materials they would feel more stimulated. In consequence, we should keep in mind the following aspects related with the materials that we would need:
· Versatile: It will often be more interesting (plus cheaper) generic and usable material in different activities, the specific to a particular sport.
· Adaptable: It would be ideal to have a compliant material to the characteristics and time course of the people who will use it. If this is not possible, look tailored to the characteristics of the group that you will use in each case material.
· Security: It is necessary to select material without edges or dangerous areas, and guards and accessories needed to prevent accidents in their use and handling.
· Price: We will need to choose cheap materials but always taking into account how much it costs.
· Quality. Whenever possible, we will opt for a quality that ensures sufficient duration, although this cost anything up; otherwise, a material of poor quality resulting end more expensive, because of its short duration force us to a new purchase.
· Aesthetics: A nice design and care is clearly a factor of motivation for use.
· Intended use: We will prioritize material that will be used more often and by more people
· Previous existences: we will ensure prior to acquisition of new material that is already available.
3. To guarantee a good atmosphere in the classroom.
Another objective we are focusing on is to promote a good atmosphere in the classroom. In this way, we will create games in which the students could participate and performance without the necessity of speaks if they don’t feel comfortable. Doing this, they will not feel embarrassed if they think that they cannot speak in English. We will bring them the opportunity to produce the
What is more, the teacher has an important role due to he is the person who should try to motivate and make his students convenient. So, he should give them positive reinforces each time they participate or even when they behave appropriately.
In this way, Krashen claims that learners with high motivation, self-confidence, a good self-image, and a low level of anxiety are better equipped for success in second language acquisition. Low motivation, low self-esteem, and debilitating anxiety can combine to 'raise' the affective filter and form a 'mental block' that prevents comprehensible input from being used for acquisition. In other words, when the filter is 'up' it impedes language acquisition. On the other hand, positive affect is necessary, but not sufficient on its own, for acquisition to take place.
Accordingly, the teacher should create routines in the Physical Education lessons. For instance, at the beginning of the class, everybody should greet to the teacher and to the peers. Therefore, the teacher is the responsible of the students carry on with these actions.
By the same token, if the teacher realized that the students would not feel good or they would not be comfortable enough during the lessons, he should provide them some games based on the TPR technique in order to improve the general felling.
4. To achieve that students understand instructions made in the second language.
Focusing on the next objective, which is to achieve that the students understand instructions made in the second language, we will develop it by using all the time the L2 in the way that the students understand what the teacher is telling them. So, as we said before, it is necessary to keep in mind the students’ level in order to produce sentences that they can make sense on it.
Accordingly, for the purpose of students to understand the teacher instructions, we will provide him some specific materials useful for the lessons, like flashcards and pictures. Depending on the unit, we will create different resources.
In addition, we will create workshops where the students could reinforce their knowledge about the second language.
5. To evaluate the success of the introduction of CLIL methodology in Physical Education lessons.
At last, in order to accomplish the evaluation of our project, we will control different processes carried out by means of external verifications elements, such as attendance sheets and self-evaluation resources.
Here, we present a brief summary of the activities which will be developed throughout the project.
Particular attention is paid to the time we will need to illustrate if our project of innovation could success. To our knowledge, we will develop the project during three years.
· First year: in this stage, the teacher training program will be carried out.
· Second year: then, we will develop the project.
· Third year: here, the project will be evaluated[u1] .
1. To ensure that students acquire the second language.
Seeing this, in order to obtain the first objective, which is to accomplish that the students acquire the second language, we will create lesson where the teacher only used the L2. For this reason, at the very first moment that the children arrive to the Physical Education class, the teacher should be able to speak to them in English to explain the games using the same language. Of course, the teacher has to keep in mind the importance of use simple sentences and structures because we want our students to understand everything and be sure about what they should do. In other words, the teacher should speak in English being conscious about him student’s level of English.
Moreover, the students have to participate using the L2 too, for this reason is very important that they have the easier structures in their mind and that they understand correctly the teacher’s instructions.
So as to make easier for the students, the teacher would present them a lot of flashcards and pictures in which appears the action that the students are supposed to do. For instance, if they played a game where everybody has to make a circle, the teacher would present them a picture showing a circle. Once the teacher is sure the students have understood this instruction, he needn’t to show it again.
Besides, it is very important the teacher’s gestures. That means that he would need to point out everything about he is talking. For example, is he wanted two students to help him to pick up any material, we would point out to the specific material and the students would be sure about what to do.
So, to summary this point, what the teacher need to do in order to achieve this objective is to create Physical Education’s bilingual units. Doing this, we will be sure that the students would acquire the second language as well as they work day by day.
Additionally, it is necessary that the teacher attends to training teaching courses due to he would need specifically formation if he wanted to how to performance a bilingual unit.
2. To promote the motivation and participation of students.
On the other hand, another objective that we want to achieve is to promote the motivation and participation of the students during the Physical Education lessons. To get this point, we will develop lessons in which the students can participate and play together. The game’s level should go together with the students’ age. Doing this, they will be motivated. In this way, it is important how the teacher arranges the class. That means that it is necessary to develop several games in which there are groups and another ones in which the students play together. But he has to keep in mind the importance of giving point to the student or the group who win the game. If the teacher does this, the students will enjoy playing and trying to be the best.
Furthermore, we will do several school trips with a view to motivate our students depending on the topic we work on.
Likewise, we believe that we could improve our students’ motivation if we renew the Physical Education materials. That means that if our students used more attractive materials they would feel more stimulated. In consequence, we should keep in mind the following aspects related with the materials that we would need:
· Versatile: It will often be more interesting (plus cheaper) generic and usable material in different activities, the specific to a particular sport.
· Adaptable: It would be ideal to have a compliant material to the characteristics and time course of the people who will use it. If this is not possible, look tailored to the characteristics of the group that you will use in each case material.
· Security: It is necessary to select material without edges or dangerous areas, and guards and accessories needed to prevent accidents in their use and handling.
· Price: We will need to choose cheap materials but always taking into account how much it costs.
· Quality. Whenever possible, we will opt for a quality that ensures sufficient duration, although this cost anything up; otherwise, a material of poor quality resulting end more expensive, because of its short duration force us to a new purchase.
· Aesthetics: A nice design and care is clearly a factor of motivation for use.
· Intended use: We will prioritize material that will be used more often and by more people
· Previous existences: we will ensure prior to acquisition of new material that is already available.
3. To guarantee a good atmosphere in the classroom.
Another objective we are focusing on is to promote a good atmosphere in the classroom. In this way, we will create games in which the students could participate and performance without the necessity of speaks if they don’t feel comfortable. Doing this, they will not feel embarrassed if they think that they cannot speak in English. We will bring them the opportunity to produce the
What is more, the teacher has an important role due to he is the person who should try to motivate and make his students convenient. So, he should give them positive reinforces each time they participate or even when they behave appropriately.
In this way, Krashen claims that learners with high motivation, self-confidence, a good self-image, and a low level of anxiety are better equipped for success in second language acquisition. Low motivation, low self-esteem, and debilitating anxiety can combine to 'raise' the affective filter and form a 'mental block' that prevents comprehensible input from being used for acquisition. In other words, when the filter is 'up' it impedes language acquisition. On the other hand, positive affect is necessary, but not sufficient on its own, for acquisition to take place.
Accordingly, the teacher should create routines in the Physical Education lessons. For instance, at the beginning of the class, everybody should greet to the teacher and to the peers. Therefore, the teacher is the responsible of the students carry on with these actions.
By the same token, if the teacher realized that the students would not feel good or they would not be comfortable enough during the lessons, he should provide them some games based on the TPR technique in order to improve the general felling.
4. To achieve that students understand instructions made in the second language.
Focusing on the next objective, which is to achieve that the students understand instructions made in the second language, we will develop it by using all the time the L2 in the way that the students understand what the teacher is telling them. So, as we said before, it is necessary to keep in mind the students’ level in order to produce sentences that they can make sense on it.
Accordingly, for the purpose of students to understand the teacher instructions, we will provide him some specific materials useful for the lessons, like flashcards and pictures. Depending on the unit, we will create different resources.
In addition, we will create workshops where the students could reinforce their knowledge about the second language.
5. To evaluate the success of the introduction of CLIL methodology in Physical Education lessons.
At last, in order to accomplish the evaluation of our project, we will control different processes carried out by means of external verifications elements, such as attendance sheets and self-evaluation resources.
Here, we present a brief summary of the activities which will be developed throughout the project.